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Welcome to ScarCity
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Field Notes on Scarcity
Scarcity of resources in all forms is commonly portrayed negatively.Yet these conditions—which have long been a reality in many extreme climate conditions across the global south and are increasingly becoming a global reality—often stimulate an abundance of innovation, inspiration, and ingenuity.Permanence has created a climate crisis, with spaces constructed with non-degradable materials, resource extraction without active replenishment, and buildings designed for a single-eternal use.Our present reality is marked by a global pandemic, violent conflicts, and the looming threat of climate change-induced environmental disasters.This fragile situation is particularly evident in the Global South, where systems, innovations, and structures shaped by imperial and industrial powers through exploitation and extraction of natural resources lack a long-term, sustainable vision.Yet there remains an optimism about the creative possibilities that arise within these constraints. Field Notes on Scarcity, published in conjunction with the 2023 Sharjah Architecture Triennial, examines what scarcity truly looks like on the ground, and the challenges and opportunities it presents across architecture and design. 60 scholars and practitioners from across the Global South—including Lesley Lokko, Yinka Shonibare, Formafantasma, Rahul Mehrotra, Olalekan Jeyifous, Abeer Seikaly, Ilze and Heinrich Wolff, Chitra Vishwanath, Deema Assaf, and many others—contribute reflections, poems, visual essays, and dialogues exploring what scarcity represents, what it inspires, and what it reveals.
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Scarcity : The True Cost of Not Having Enough
Sendhil Mullainathan, the 'most interesting young economist in the world', and Eldar Shafir, the 'most brilliant psychologist' of his generation, explain the hidden problem behind everything with ScarcityWhy can we never seem to keep on top of our workload, social diary or chores?Why does poverty persist around the world? Why do successful people do things at the last minute in a sudden rush of energy?Here, economist Sendhil Mullainathan and psychologist Eldar Shafir reveal that the hidden side behind all these problems is that they're all about scarcity.Using the new science of scarcity, they explain why obesity is rampant; why people find it difficult to sleep when most sleep deprived; and why the lonely find it so hard to make friends.Scarcity will change the way you think about both the little everyday tasks and the big issues of global urgency. 'Stars in their respective disciplines, and the combination is greater than the sum of its parts.Their project has a unique feel to it: it is the finest combination of heart and head that I have seen in our field' - Daniel Kahneman, author of Thinking, Fast and Slow'Scarcity is a captivating book, overflowing with new ideas, fantastic stories, and simple suggestions that just might change the way you live' - Steven D.Levitt, coauthor of Freakonomics'An ultimately humane and very welcome book' - Oliver Burkeman, Guardian Sendhil Mullainathan is a Professor of Economics at Harvard, and a recipient of a MacArthur Foundation "genius grant".He conducts research on development economics, behavioural economics, and corporate finance.He is Executive Director of Ideas 42, Institute of Quantitative Social Science, Harvard University. Eldar Shafir is William Stewart Tod Professor of Psychology and Public Affairs at Princeton University.Most of his work focuses on descriptive analyses of inference, judgment, and decision making, and on issues related to behavioural economics.
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A Scarcity of Miracles - A King Crimson Project
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What is energy scarcity?
Energy scarcity refers to the lack of access to sufficient and reliable energy sources to meet the needs of a population. This can result from a variety of factors such as limited resources, inadequate infrastructure, or geopolitical conflicts. Energy scarcity can have significant social, economic, and environmental impacts, leading to issues such as energy poverty, increased energy prices, and reliance on unsustainable energy sources. Addressing energy scarcity requires a combination of policies and investments to ensure a stable and affordable energy supply for all.
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What is food scarcity?
Food scarcity refers to the lack of access to enough food to meet the dietary needs of a population. This can be caused by various factors such as natural disasters, conflict, economic instability, or poor agricultural practices. Food scarcity can lead to malnutrition, hunger, and even famine, and it is a significant issue in many parts of the world, particularly in developing countries. Efforts to address food scarcity often involve improving agricultural productivity, increasing access to food distribution networks, and implementing social safety nets to support vulnerable populations.
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What does scarcity mean?
Scarcity refers to the limited availability of resources in comparison to the unlimited wants and needs of individuals and society. It is a fundamental economic problem that forces individuals and societies to make choices about how to allocate their limited resources to fulfill their unlimited wants and needs. Scarcity exists because resources such as time, money, and natural resources are finite, while the demand for goods and services is infinite. As a result, individuals and societies must prioritize and make trade-offs in order to effectively manage their scarce resources.
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What is foreign exchange scarcity?
Foreign exchange scarcity refers to a situation where a country does not have enough foreign currency reserves to meet its international trade and payment obligations. This can occur due to a variety of reasons such as a trade imbalance, high levels of foreign debt, or a decrease in foreign investment. When a country experiences foreign exchange scarcity, it may lead to a depreciation of its currency, making imports more expensive and potentially causing economic instability. To address this issue, countries may implement measures such as capital controls, devaluation of the currency, or seeking financial assistance from international organizations.
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Beyond Resource Wars : Scarcity, Environmental Degradation, and International Cooperation
An argument that resource scarcity and environmental degradation can provide an impetus for cooperation among countries. Common wisdom holds that the earth's dwindling natural resources and increasing environmental degradation will inevitably lead to inter-state conflict, and possibly even set off "resource wars." Many scholars and policymakers have considered the environmental roots of violent conflict and instability, but little attention has been paid to the idea that scarcity and degradation may actually play a role in fostering inter-state cooperation.Beyond Resource Wars fills this gap, offering a different perspective on the links between environmental problems and inter-state conflict.Although the contributors do not deny that resource scarcity and environmental degradation may become sources of contention, they argue that these conditions also provide the impetus for cooperation, coordination, and negotiation between states.The book examines aspects of environmental conflict and cooperation in detail, across a number of natural resources and issues including oil, water, climate change, ocean pollution, and biodiversity conservation.The contributors argue that increasing scarcity and degradation generally induce cooperation across states, but when conditions worsen (and a problem becomes too costly or a resource becomes too scarce), cooperation becomes more difficult.Similarly, low levels of scarcity may discourage cooperation because problems seem less urgent.With contributions from scholars in international relations, economics, and political science, Beyond Resource Wars offers a comprehensive and robust investigation of the links among scarcity, environmental degradation, cooperation, and conflict.
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Grace Abounds : God's Abundance against the Fear of Scarcity
In Grace Abounds: God's Abundance against the Fear of Scarcity, Walter Brueggemann explores our human struggle of having a smallness of mind that breeds competition and envy against God’s prompting to move beyond our small selves to trust in God’s ultimate provision and to extend ourselves to others openhandedly. The Walter Brueggemann Library brings together the wide-ranging and enlivening thought of popular biblical scholar Walter Brueggemann over his storied career.Each volume collects previously published work on a biblical theme that has deeply informed Brueggemann’s scholarship, in an accessible digest for readers who want to freshly engage his prophetically minded but approachable writing on the topic. The Bible often associates God’s grace with abundance.While it is sometimes equated with forgiveness, more often grace is described much more broadly in the texts of ancient Israel: as the divine self-giving that stands against various forms of scarcity.We are bombarded daily with the idea that there is not enough of anything—housing, jobs, resources.By contrast, the Bible shows again and again how God meets our needs abundantly but in such a way that unveils our profound ongoing need for God and for one another.The first part of Grace Abounds lays out fundamentals of biblical grace by focusing on some of our most basic needs—to eat, to use land, to find shelter—and four different types of responses from people in Scripture struggling to survive experiences of exile and forced migration.In the second part of the book, Brueggemann advocates for specific biblical practices that are appropriate to the reality and experience of God’s grace and grace-full relationships with fellow creatures: keeping Sabbath, making doxology, bestowing blessing, offering forgiveness, and realizing reconciliation.Questions for reflection are included at the end of each chapter, making this book ideal for individual or group study.
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States of Anxiety : Scarcity and Loss in Revolutionary Russia
Amidst the vast literature on the parties and politics of revolutionary Russia and its near constant appropriation for presentist purposes over the years, States of Anxiety assesses the effects of the great scarcities and enormous losses that Russia experienced between 1914 and 1921, a period of dramatic civil conflicts and Russia's “long World War.” Scarcities meant not only the deficits of necessary goods like food, but also their accompanying anxieties and fears.Using archival documents and materials of the period almost exclusively, this study explores how the tsarist, democratic liberal, democratic socialist, and Bolshevik regimes all addressed the forms and effects of scarcity and loss in ways they hoped would assure the revolutionary outcomes of their own historical imaginations.Looking closely at their efforts, it suggests how and why each failed to do so.Approaching the Russian revolutionary period in these terms involves exploring a broad range of connected issues.Material scarcities involved problems with market exchange, prices, and inflation, as well as procurement, production, and distribution.They involved fiscal policies, monetary emissions, and the effects of escalating debt.But they also directly engaged cultural understandings of fairness, sacrifice, and social difference, and were accompanied by what today would be called today the anxieties of “food insecurity,” the dangerous risks of unemployment, and a range of fears about family and community welfare.Officials and members of various state and public committees of various political orientations faced both the threats and actualities of market collapse, rampant speculation, black markets, increasingly visible social inequalities, and an array of emotional fields whose implications need to be understood. The statistical and other objective dimensions of scarcity and loss are generally described in ways that omit their complex emotional dimension, as the language of “food insecurity” obscures the actual effects of hunger.While taking into account important recent contributions to a large historiography, new efforts to decipher historical feelings and emotions, and attention to the languages through which events and feelings both were represented and given coherence, this book contributes to a broader understanding of the social and cultural foundations of uprisings and revolutionary upheavals.
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The Invention of Scarcity : Malthus and the Margins of History
A radical new reading of eighteenth-century British theorist Thomas Robert Malthus, which recovers diverse ideas about subsistence production and environments later eclipsed by classical economics With the publication of Essay on the Principle of Population and its projection of food shortages in the face of ballooning populations, British theorist Thomas Robert Malthus secured a leading role in modern political and economic thought.In this startling new interpretation, Deborah Valenze reveals how canonical readings of Malthus fail to acknowledge his narrow understanding of what constitutes food production. Valenze returns to the eighteenth-century contexts that generated his arguments, showing how Malthus mobilized a redemptive narrative of British historical development and dismissed the varied ways that people adapted to the challenges of subsistence needs.She uses history, anthropology, food studies, and animal studies to redirect our attention to the margins of Malthus’s essay, where activities such as hunting, gathering, herding, and gardening were rendered extraneous.She demonstrates how Malthus’s omissions and his subsequent canonization provided a rationale for colonial imposition of British agricultural models, regardless of environmental diversity. By broadening our conception of human livelihoods, Valenze suggests pathways to resistance against the hegemony of Malthusian political economy.The Invention of Scarcity invites us to imagine a world where monoculture is in retreat and the margins are recentered as spaces of experimentation, nimbleness, and human flourishing.
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What is artificial scarcity at Apple?
Artificial scarcity at Apple refers to the intentional limiting of supply for certain products in order to create a sense of exclusivity and drive up demand. This strategy is often used by Apple to generate hype and increase the perceived value of their products. By controlling the availability of certain items, Apple is able to maintain high prices and create a sense of urgency among consumers to purchase their products before they run out.
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What is the scarcity of prey?
The scarcity of prey refers to the limited availability of food sources for predators in an ecosystem. This can occur due to various factors such as overhunting, habitat destruction, competition with other species, or environmental changes. When prey becomes scarce, it can have significant impacts on predator populations, leading to decreased reproductive success, increased competition among predators, and potential shifts in the ecosystem dynamics. This scarcity can also have cascading effects on other species within the food web.
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Can desalination plants not counteract water scarcity?
Desalination plants can help counteract water scarcity by converting seawater into freshwater. However, desalination plants can be expensive to build and operate, and they require a significant amount of energy. Additionally, the environmental impact of desalination, such as the disposal of brine byproduct, can be a concern. Therefore, while desalination plants can be part of the solution to water scarcity, they may not be the most sustainable or cost-effective option in all cases. Other water conservation and management strategies should also be considered to address water scarcity.
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Is resource scarcity coming to an end?
Resource scarcity is not coming to an end, as the demand for resources continues to increase due to population growth and economic development. While technological advancements and innovation may help to mitigate scarcity in some cases, there are still finite limits to many resources such as water, arable land, and certain minerals. Climate change and environmental degradation also pose significant challenges to resource availability. Therefore, it is important for societies to continue to prioritize sustainable resource management and conservation efforts to address these ongoing challenges.
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